示例概述：
下面用一个模仿吃苹果的实例，申明C#中多线程的完成要领。请求开辟一个顺序完成以下状况：一个家庭有三个孩子，爸爸妈妈不停削苹果往盘子内里放，老大、老二、老三不停从盘子内里取苹果吃。盘子的大小有限，最多只能放5个苹果，而且爸妈不能同时往盘子内里放苹果，妈妈具有优先权。三个孩子取苹果时，盘子不能为空，三人不能同时取，老三优先权最高，老大最低。老大吃的最快，取的频次最高，老二次之。
涉及到知识点：
线程Thread 竖立并掌握线程，设置其优先级并获取其状况。
锁 lock 用于完成多线程同步的最直接方法就是加锁，它能够把一段代码定义为互斥段，在一个时候内只允许一个线程进入实行，而其他线程必需守候。
事宜EventHandler 声明一个事宜，用于关照界面做转变
设想思绪：
Productor 示意生产者，用于削苹果。
Consumer 示意消费者，用于吃苹果。
Dish 盘子，用于装苹果，做为中心类
EatAppleSmp 的BeginEat()要领，示意最先吃苹果，启动线程
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
效果图以下【爸爸妈妈削苹果，孩子吃苹果】：
背景输出以下：
Mama放1个苹果 Baba放1个苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Erdi取苹果吃... Sandi守候取苹果 Mama放1个苹果 Sandi取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba放1个苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba放1个苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Sandi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba放1个苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba放1个苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba放1个苹果 Sandi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Sandi取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Sandi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Sandi取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Erdi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Dage取苹果吃... Baba放1个苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 Sandi取苹果吃... Mama放1个苹果 Baba正在守候放入苹果 Mama正在守候放入苹果 线程 'Mama' (0x1ce0) 已退出，返回值为 0 (0x0)。 线程 'Baba' (0x1888) 已退出，返回值为 0 (0x0)。 Erdi取苹果吃... Dage取苹果吃... Sandi取苹果吃... Dage取苹果吃... Erdi取苹果吃... Dage守候取苹果 Sandi守候取苹果 Erdi守候取苹果
Productor 代码以下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace DemoSharp.EatApple
{
/// <summary>
/// 生产者
/// </summary>
public class Productor
{
private Dish dish;
private string name;
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
public EventHandler PutAction;//声明一个事宜，当放苹果时触发该事宜
public Productor(string name, Dish dish)
{
this.name = name;
this.dish = dish;
}
public void run()
{
while (true)
{
bool flag= dish.Put(name);
if (flag)
{
if (PutAction != null)
{
PutAction(this, null);
}
try
{
Thread.Sleep(600);//削苹果时候
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
}
else {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
Consumer代码以下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using DemoSharp.EatApple;
namespace DemoSharp
{
/// <summary>
/// 页面类
/// </summary>
public partial class EatAppleForm : Form
{
private EatAppleSmp m_EatAppleSmp = new EatAppleSmp();
public EatAppleForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
InitView();
m_EatAppleSmp.PutAction += PutActionMethod;
m_EatAppleSmp.GetAction += GetActionMethod;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化GroupBox
/// </summary>
private void InitView()
{
this.gbBaba.Controls.Clear();
this.gbMama.Controls.Clear();
this.gbDage.Controls.Clear();
this.gbErdi.Controls.Clear();
this.gbSandi.Controls.Clear();
}
/// <summary>
/// 启动线程
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.m_EatAppleSmp.BeginEat();
}
/// <summary>
/// 放苹果事宜
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void PutActionMethod(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Productor p = sender as Productor;
if (p != null)
{
if (p.Name == "Baba")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbBaba, this.lblBaba);
}
if (p.Name == "Mama")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbMama, this.lblMama);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 吃苹果事宜
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
public void GetActionMethod(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Consumer c = sender as Consumer;
if (c != null)
{
if (c.Name == "Dage")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbDage, this.lblDage);
}
if (c.Name == "Erdi")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbErdi, this.lblErdi);
}
if (c.Name == "Sandi")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbSandi, this.lblSandi);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 往指定的GroupBox中增加对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="gbView"></param>
/// <param name="lbl"></param>
private void AddItemToGroupBox(GroupBox gbView,Label lbl)
{
gbView.Invoke(new Action(() =>
{
PictureBox p = new PictureBox();
p.Width = 20;
p.Height = 20;
p.Dock = DockStyle.Left;
p.Image = this.imgLst01.Images[0];
p.Margin = new Padding(2);
gbView.Controls.Add(p);
}));
//显现个数
lbl.Invoke(new Action(() => {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(lbl.Text))
{
lbl.Text = "0"; using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace DemoSharp.EatApple
{
/// <summary>
/// 消费者
/// </summary>
public class Consumer
{
private string name;
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
private Dish dish;
private int timelong;
public EventHandler GetAction;//声明一个事宜，当放苹果时触发该事宜
public Consumer(string name, Dish dish, int timelong)
{
this.name = name;
this.dish = dish;
this.timelong = timelong;
}
public void run()
{
while (true)
{
bool flag= dish.Get(name);
if (flag)
{
//假如取到苹果，则挪用事宜，并最先吃
if (GetAction != null)
{
GetAction(this, null);
}
try
{
Thread.Sleep(timelong);//吃苹果时候
}
catch (ThreadInterruptedException)
{
}
}
else {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
}
lbl.Text = (int.Parse(lbl.Text) + 1).ToString();
}));
}
}
}
Dish代码以下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace DemoSharp.EatApple
{
/// <summary>
/// 盘子，属于中心类
/// </summary>
public class Dish
{
private int f = 5;//示意盘子中还能够放几个苹果，最多只能放5个苹果
private int EnabledNum;//可放苹果总数
private int n = 0; //示意已放了多少个苹果
private object objGet = new object();
private object objPut = new object();
/// <summary>
/// 组织函数，初始化Dish对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="num">示意削够多少个苹果完毕</param>
public Dish(int num)
{
this.EnabledNum = num;
}
/// <summary>
/// 放苹果的要领
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name"></param>
///<returns>是不是放胜利</returns>
public bool Put(string name)
{
lock (this)//同步掌握放苹果
{
bool flag = false;
while (f == 0)//苹果已满，线程守候
{
try
{
System.Console.WriteLine(name + "正在守候放入苹果");
Monitor.Wait(this);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Console.WriteLine(name + "等不及了");
}
}
if (n < EnabledNum)
{
f = f - 1;//削完一个苹果放一次
n = n + 1;
System.Console.WriteLine(name + "放1个苹果");
flag = true;
}
Monitor.PulseAll(this);
return flag;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 取苹果的要领
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name"></param>
public bool Get(string name)
{
lock (this)//同步掌握取苹果
{
bool flag = false;
while (f == 5)
{
try
{
System.Console.WriteLine(name + "守候取苹果");
Monitor.Wait(this);
}
catch (ThreadInterruptedException) { }
}
if (n <= EnabledNum)
{
f = f + 1;
System.Console.WriteLine(name + "取苹果吃...");
flag = true;
}
Monitor.PulseAll(this);
return flag;
}
}
}
}
EatAppleSmp代码以下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace DemoSharp.EatApple
{
public class EatAppleSmp
{
public EventHandler PutAction;//声明一个事宜，当放苹果时触发该事宜
public EventHandler GetAction;//声明一个事宜，当放苹果时触发该事宜
/// <summary>
/// 最先吃苹果
/// </summary>
public void BeginEat()
{
Thread th_mother, th_father, th_young, th_middle, th_old;//顺次示意妈妈，爸爸，小弟，二弟，老大
Dish dish = new Dish(30);
Productor mother = new Productor("Mama", dish);//竖立线程
mother.PutAction += PutActionMethod;
Productor father = new Productor("Baba", dish);
father.PutAction += PutActionMethod;
Consumer old = new Consumer("Dage", dish, 1200);
old.GetAction += GetActionMethod;
Consumer middle = new Consumer("Erdi", dish, 1500);
middle.GetAction += GetActionMethod;
Consumer young = new Consumer("Sandi", dish, 1800);
young.GetAction += GetActionMethod;
th_mother = new Thread(new ThreadStart(mother.run));
th_mother.Name = "Mama";
th_father = new Thread(new ThreadStart(father.run));
th_father.Name = "Baba";
th_old = new Thread(new ThreadStart(old.run));
th_old.Name = "Dage";
th_middle = new Thread(new ThreadStart(middle.run));
th_middle.Name = "Erdi";
th_young = new Thread(new ThreadStart(young.run));
th_young.Name = "Sandi";
th_mother.Priority = ThreadPriority.Highest;//设置优先级
th_father.Priority = ThreadPriority.Normal;
th_old.Priority = ThreadPriority.Lowest;
th_middle.Priority = ThreadPriority.Normal;
th_young.Priority = ThreadPriority.Highest;
th_mother.Start();
th_father.Start();
th_old.Start();
th_middle.Start();
th_young.Start();
}
private void GetActionMethod(object sender,EventArgs e)
{
if (GetAction != null)
{
GetAction(sender, e);
}
}
private void PutActionMethod(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (PutAction != null)
{
PutAction(sender, e);
}
}
}
}
界面类代码以下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using DemoSharp.EatApple;
namespace DemoSharp
{
/// <summary>
/// 页面类
/// </summary>
public partial class EatAppleForm : Form
{
private EatAppleSmp m_EatAppleSmp = new EatAppleSmp();
public EatAppleForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
InitView();
m_EatAppleSmp.PutAction += PutActionMethod;
m_EatAppleSmp.GetAction += GetActionMethod;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化GroupBox
/// </summary>
private void InitView()
{
this.gbBaba.Controls.Clear();
this.gbMama.Controls.Clear();
this.gbDage.Controls.Clear();
this.gbErdi.Controls.Clear();
this.gbSandi.Controls.Clear();
}
/// <summary>
/// 启动线程
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.m_EatAppleSmp.BeginEat();
}
/// <summary>
/// 放苹果事宜
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void PutActionMethod(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Productor p = sender as Productor;
if (p != null)
{
if (p.Name == "Baba")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbBaba, this.lblBaba);
}
if (p.Name == "Mama")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbMama, this.lblMama);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 吃苹果事宜
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
public void GetActionMethod(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Consumer c = sender as Consumer;
if (c != null)
{
if (c.Name == "Dage")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbDage, this.lblDage);
}
if (c.Name == "Erdi")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbErdi, this.lblErdi);
}
if (c.Name == "Sandi")
{
AddItemToGroupBox(this.gbSandi, this.lblSandi);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 往指定的GroupBox中增加对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="gbView"></param>
/// <param name="lbl"></param>
private void AddItemToGroupBox(GroupBox gbView,Label lbl)
{
gbView.Invoke(new Action(() =>
{
PictureBox p = new PictureBox();
p.Width = 20;
p.Height = 20;
p.Dock = DockStyle.Left;
p.Image = this.imgLst01.Images[0];
p.Margin = new Padding(2);
gbView.Controls.Add(p);
}));
//显现个数
lbl.Invoke(new Action(() => {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(lbl.Text))
{
lbl.Text = "0";
}
lbl.Text = (int.Parse(lbl.Text) + 1).ToString();
}));
}
}
}
更多C# 多线程典范示例 吃苹果相干文章请关注ki4网！
