第一种:DOM。
DOM的全称是Document Object Model,也即文档对象模子。在运用程序中,基于DOM的XML剖析器将一个XML文档转换成一个对象模子的鸠合(一般称DOM树),运用程序恰是经由过程对这个对象模子的操纵,来完成对XML文档数据的操纵。经由过程DOM接口,运用程序能够在任何时候接见XML文档中的任何一部分数据,因此,这类运用DOM接口的机制也被称作随机接见机制。
DOM接口供应了一种经由过程分层对象模子来接见XML文档信息的体式格局,这些分层对象模子根据XML的文档构造形成了一棵节点树。不管XML文档中所形貌的是什么范例的信息,即便是制表数据、项目列表或一个文档,运用DOM所生成的模子都是节点树的情势。也就是说,DOM强迫运用树模子来接见XML文档中的信息。因为XML本质上就是一种分层构造,所以这类形貌要领是相称有用的。
DOM树所供应的随机接见体式格局给运用程序的开辟带来了很大的灵活性,它能够恣意地掌握全部XML文档中的内容。但是,因为DOM剖析器把全部XML文档转化成DOM树放在了内存中,因此,当文档比较大或许构造比较庞杂时,对内存的需求就比较高。而且,关于构造庞杂的树的遍历也是一项耗时的操纵。所以,DOM剖析器对机械机能的请求比较高,完成效力不非常抱负。不过,因为DOM剖析器所采纳的树构造的头脑与XML文档的构造相吻合,同时鉴于随机接见所带来的轻易,因此,DOM剖析器照样有很普遍的运用价值的。
import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; public class DomTest1 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // step 1: 取得dom剖析器工场(事情的作用是用于建立详细的剖析器) DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); // System.out.println("class name: " + dbf.getClass().getName()); // step 2:取得详细的dom剖析器 DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); // System.out.println("class name: " + db.getClass().getName()); // step3: 剖析一个xml文档,取得Document对象(根结点) Document document = db.parse(new File("candidate.xml")); NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("PERSON"); for(int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) { Element element = (Element)list.item(i); String content = element.getElementsByTagName("NAME").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); System.out.println("name:" + content); content = element.getElementsByTagName("ADDRESS").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); System.out.println("address:" + content); content = element.getElementsByTagName("TEL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); System.out.println("tel:" + content); content = element.getElementsByTagName("FAX").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); System.out.println("fax:" + content); content = element.getElementsByTagName("EMAIL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); System.out.println("email:" + content); System.out.println("--------------------------------------"); } } }
import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.w3c.dom.Attr; import org.w3c.dom.Comment; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; /** * 运用递归剖析给定的恣意一个xml文档而且将其内容输出到命令行上 * @author zhanglong * */ public class DomTest3 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); Document doc = db.parse(new File("student.xml")); //取得根元素结点 Element root = doc.getDocumentElement(); parseElement(root); } private static void parseElement(Element element) { String tagName = element.getNodeName(); NodeList children = element.getChildNodes(); System.out.print("<" + tagName); //element元素的一切属性所组成的NamedNodeMap对象,需要对其举行推断 NamedNodeMap map = element.getAttributes(); //假如该元素存在属性 if(null != map) { for(int i = 0; i < map.getLength(); i++) { //取得该元素的每个属性 Attr attr = (Attr)map.item(i); String attrName = attr.getName(); String attrValue = attr.getValue(); System.out.print(" " + attrName + "=\"" + attrValue + "\""); } } System.out.print(">"); for(int i = 0; i < children.getLength(); i++) { Node node = children.item(i); //取得结点的范例 short nodeType = node.getNodeType(); if(nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) { //是元素,继承递归 parseElement((Element)node); } else if(nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE) { //递归出口 System.out.print(node.getNodeValue()); } else if(nodeType == Node.COMMENT_NODE) { System.out.print("<!--"); Comment comment = (Comment)node; //解释内容 String data = comment.getData(); System.out.print(data); System.out.print("-->"); } } System.out.print("</" + tagName + ">"); } }
sax:SAX的全称是Simple APIs for XML,也即XML简朴运用程序接口。与DOM差别,SAX供应的接见形式是一种递次形式,这是一种疾速读写XML数据的体式格局。当运用SAX剖析器对XML文档举行剖析时,会触发一系列事宜,并激活响应的事宜处置惩罚函数,运用程序经由过程这些事宜处置惩罚函数完成对XML文档的接见,因此SAX接口也被称作事宜驱动接口。
import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; public class SaxTest1 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //step1: 取得SAX剖析器工场实例 SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); //step2: 取得SAX剖析器实例 SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser(); //step3: 最先举行剖析 parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler()); } } class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler { @Override public void startDocument() throws SAXException { System.out.println("parse began"); } @Override public void endDocument() throws SAXException { System.out.println("parse finished"); } @Override public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { System.out.println("start element"); } @Override public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { System.out.println("finish element"); } }
import java.io.File; import java.util.Stack; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; public class SaxTest2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser(); parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler2()); } } class MyHandler2 extends DefaultHandler { private Stack<String> stack = new Stack<String>(); private String name; private String gender; private String age; @Override public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { stack.push(qName); for(int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) { String attrName = attributes.getQName(i); String attrValue = attributes.getValue(i); System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue); } } @Override public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException { String tag = stack.peek(); if("姓名".equals(tag)) { name = new String(ch, start,length); } else if("性别".equals(tag)) { gender = new String(ch, start, length); } else if("岁数".equals(tag)) { age = new String(ch, start, length); } } @Override public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { stack.pop(); //示意该元素已剖析终了,需要从栈中弹出 if("门生".equals(qName)) { System.out.println("姓名:" + name); System.out.println("性别:" + gender); System.out.println("岁数:" + age); System.out.println(); } } }
JDOM:
JDOM是一个开源项目,它基于树型构造,运用纯JAVA的手艺对XML文档完成剖析、生成、序列化以及多种操纵。(http://jdom.org)
•JDOM 直接为JAVA编程效劳。它运用更加强有力的JAVA言语的诸多特征(要领重载、鸠合观点等),把SAX和DOM的功用有用地结合起来。
•JDOM是用Java言语读、写、操纵XML的新API函数。在直接、简朴和高效的前提下,这些API函数被最大限制的优化。
jdom建立xml
import java.io.FileWriter; import org.jdom.Attribute; import org.jdom.Comment; import org.jdom.Document; import org.jdom.Element; import org.jdom.output.Format; import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter; public class JDomTest1 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Document document = new Document(); Element root = new Element("root"); document.addContent(root); Comment comment = new Comment("This is my comments"); root.addContent(comment); Element e = new Element("hello"); e.setAttribute("sohu", "www.sohu.com"); root.addContent(e); Element e2 = new Element("world"); Attribute attr = new Attribute("test", "hehe"); e2.setAttribute(attr); e.addContent(e2); e2.addContent(new Element("aaa").setAttribute("a", "b") .setAttribute("x", "y").setAttribute("gg", "hh").setText("text content")); Format format = Format.getPrettyFormat(); format.setIndent(" "); // format.setEncoding("gbk"); XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(format); out.output(document, new FileWriter("jdom.xml")); } }
JDOM剖析xml
import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.util.List; import org.jdom.Attribute; import org.jdom.Document; import org.jdom.Element; import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder; import org.jdom.output.Format; import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter; public class JDomTest2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder(); Document doc = builder.build(new File("jdom.xml")); Element element = doc.getRootElement(); System.out.println(element.getName()); Element hello = element.getChild("hello"); System.out.println(hello.getText()); List list = hello.getAttributes(); for(int i = 0 ;i < list.size(); i++) { Attribute attr = (Attribute)list.get(i); String attrName = attr.getName(); String attrValue = attr.getValue(); System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue); } hello.removeChild("world"); XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat().setIndent(" ")); out.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("jdom2.xml")); } }
Dom4j
import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.FileWriter; import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat; import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter; public class Test1 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 建立文档并设置文档的根元素节点 :第一种体式格局 // Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(); // // Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student"); // // document.setRootElement(root); // 建立文档并设置文档的根元素节点 :第二种体式格局 Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student"); Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(root); root.addAttribute("name", "zhangsan"); Element helloElement = root.addElement("hello"); Element worldElement = root.addElement("world"); helloElement.setText("hello"); worldElement.setText("world"); helloElement.addAttribute("age", "20"); XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(); xmlWriter.write(document); OutputFormat format = new OutputFormat(" ", true); XMLWriter xmlWriter2 = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("student2.xml"), format); xmlWriter2.write(document); XMLWriter xmlWriter3 = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("student3.xml"), format); xmlWriter3.write(document); xmlWriter3.close(); } }
import java.io.File; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.io.DOMReader; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; public class Test2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader(); Document doc = saxReader.read(new File("student2.xml")); Element root = doc.getRootElement(); System.out.println("root element: " + root.getName()); List childList = root.elements(); System.out.println(childList.size()); List childList2 = root.elements("hello"); System.out.println(childList2.size()); Element first = root.element("hello"); System.out.println(first.attributeValue("age")); for(Iterator iter = root.elementIterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Element e = (Element)iter.next(); System.out.println(e.attributeValue("age")); } System.out.println("---------------------------"); DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); org.w3c.dom.Document document = db.parse(new File("student2.xml")); DOMReader domReader = new DOMReader(); //将JAXP的Document转换为dom4j的Document Document d = domReader.read(document); Element rootElement = d.getRootElement(); System.out.println(rootElement.getName()); } }
import java.io.FileWriter; import org.jdom.Attribute; import org.jdom.Document; import org.jdom.Element; import org.jdom.output.Format; import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter; public class Test3 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Document document = new Document(); Element root = new Element("联系人列表").setAttribute(new Attribute("公司", "A团体")); document.addContent(root); Element contactPerson = new Element("联系人"); root.addContent(contactPerson); contactPerson .addContent(new Element("姓名").setText("张三")) .addContent(new Element("公司").setText("A公司")) .addContent(new Element("电话").setText("021-55556666")) .addContent( new Element("地点") .addContent(new Element("街道").setText("5街")) .addContent(new Element("都市").setText("上海")) .addContent(new Element("省份").setText("上海市"))); XMLOutputter output = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat() .setIndent(" ").setEncoding("gbk")); output.output(document, new FileWriter("contact.xml")); } }
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